Oregon Certified Nursing Assistant State Practice Exam

How does the skin appear when it first begins to break down?

1. Skin looks like a deep crater.

2. Skin turns red or, in darker skin, a different color than the surrounding area.

3. Skin is covered with bruises.

4. Skin has raised blisters.

The correct answer is: Skin turns red or, in darker skin, a different color than the surrounding area.

When the skin begins to break down, one of the earliest signs is redness or a change in color in the affected area. In individuals with lighter skin tones, this typically appears as a bright red patch, while in darker skin tones, the change might manifest as a darker area that contrasts with the surrounding healthy skin. This redness is indicative of increased blood flow to the area as a response to pressure or irritation, which can lead to further breakdown if not addressed. Thus, the identification of skin as turning red or discoloring is an essential part of recognizing early signs of pressure injuries or skin breakdown, allowing for timely intervention to prevent more severe damage. Recognizing these initial signs can help caregivers take preventive measures before more severe complications, like deep craters or blisters, develop.