Oregon Certified Nursing Assistant State Practice Exam

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What common medical issue may lead to confusion in residents?

Excessive television viewing
Having an unpleasant roommate
Regular exercise
Urinary tract infection

The correct answer is: Urinary tract infection

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common medical issue that can significantly lead to confusion, especially in elderly residents. This phenomenon occurs because UTIs can cause changes in mental status, including altered cognition and increased agitation. In older adults, the symptoms of UTIs may not always include the classic signs of infection, such as fever and pain, leading instead to more subtle manifestations like confusion or delirium. When bacteria invade the urinary tract, they can affect neurological functioning, thereby causing cognitive impairment. This is often mistaken for normal aging or other mental health issues, making awareness of UTIs and their potential neurological effects essential for caregivers. By recognizing this link, nursing assistants can help ensure timely medical evaluation and treatment, which can alleviate confusion and prevent further complications for residents.