Oregon Certified Nursing Assistant State Practice Exam

What is a common characteristic of age-related changes in the cardiovascular system?

1. Increased heart rate

2. Thickening of blood vessel walls

3. Higher oxygen demands

4. Normalization of blood pressure

The correct answer is: Thickening of blood vessel walls

Thickening of blood vessel walls is a common characteristic of age-related changes in the cardiovascular system. As individuals age, the structure and function of blood vessels often change, leading to a gradual stiffening or thickening. This phenomenon can be attributed to various factors, including the accumulation of collagen and other substances in the vessel walls as well as changes in endothelial function. This thickening can contribute to a number of cardiovascular issues, such as increased resistance to blood flow and a higher risk of hypertension, which is common in older adults. It can also affect the heart's ability to respond effectively to physical exertion. In contrast, increased heart rate is not typically associated with aging; rather, the resting heart rate may decrease as one ages. Higher oxygen demands are also not a characteristic change; instead, older adults often have decreased exercise tolerance. Normalization of blood pressure does not generally occur with aging; rather, many older adults experience increased blood pressure due to these cardiovascular changes.