Oregon Certified Nursing Assistant State Practice Exam

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What is a common sign of malnourishment in elderly individuals?

Increased energy levels
Weight gain
Frequent infections
Enhanced mobility

The correct answer is: Frequent infections

Frequent infections are a common sign of malnourishment in elderly individuals due to several physiological changes that occur with age and a lack of essential nutrients. Malnutrition can weaken the immune system, making the body less capable of fighting off infections. Nutritional deficiencies can lead to a decrease in the production of immune cells and antibodies, resulting in increased susceptibility to illnesses and infections. In contrast, increased energy levels, weight gain, and enhanced mobility are typically not associated with malnourishment. In fact, malnourishment often leads to fatigue, unintentional weight loss, and limited physical capability because the body does not receive the necessary nutrients to function optimally. Therefore, recognizing frequent infections can be an important indicator for caregivers to assess a senior's nutritional status and overall health.