Oregon Certified Nursing Assistant State Practice Exam

What role does the epidermis play in skin function?

1. Protects underlying tissues

2. Regulates body temperature

3. Produces sweat and oils

4. Contains blood vessels

The correct answer is: Protects underlying tissues

The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and plays a crucial role in protecting the underlying tissues. It acts as a physical barrier against environmental hazards such as pathogens, harmful chemicals, and mechanical injuries. The structure of the epidermis, composed primarily of keratinocytes, helps prevent water loss, maintaining hydration and contributing to the skin's overall integrity. The epidermis also contains melanocytes, which produce melanin, and offer protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. Additionally, the resilient nature of the epidermis provides a first line of defense, preventing infections and preserving the delicate structures found beneath it, such as the dermis and subcutaneous layers. Therefore, the essential function of the epidermis in safeguarding underlying tissues solidifies its primary role in skin function.