Oregon Certified Nursing Assistant State Practice Exam

Which of the following is at higher risk of skin breakdown?

1. Front of neck

2. Face

3. Tailbone (sacrum)

4. Hands

The correct answer is: Tailbone (sacrum)

The tailbone, also known as the sacrum, is at a higher risk of skin breakdown due to several factors. This area is particularly vulnerable because it is a bony prominence that bears weight when a person is seated. Prolonged pressure on the sacrum, especially in individuals who are immobile or have limited mobility, can lead to pressure ulcers, commonly referred to as bedsores. Additionally, this part of the body may have reduced blood flow due to pressure, making it more susceptible to skin damage when compared to other areas that have more robust blood circulation and cushioning tissue. In contrast, other areas such as the front of the neck, face, and hands are generally not subjected to the same prolonged pressure that the tailbone experiences. While these areas can also experience skin breakdown, especially if they are subjected to friction or moisture, they do not typically have the same risk profile as the sacrum when it comes to pressure-induced injuries. Understanding the mechanics of skin integrity in relation to body positioning helps in identifying which areas may require more frequent monitoring and preventive care to avoid breakdown.