Oregon Certified Nursing Assistant State Practice Exam

Which of the following is a common symptom of congestive heart failure?

1. Chest tightness

2. Shortness of breath

3. Feeling extremely thirsty

4. Rapid weight gain

The correct answer is: Shortness of breath

Shortness of breath is a well-documented symptom of congestive heart failure. This occurs because, in congestive heart failure, the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs and surrounding tissues. This fluid accumulation can cause pulmonary congestion, making it difficult for the patient to breathe, especially during physical activity or when lying down. As the condition progresses, shortness of breath may become more frequent and severe, serving as a critical indicator for healthcare providers to assess the patient's condition. While chest tightness can occur in various heart conditions, it is not specifically characteristic of congestive heart failure. Similarly, feeling extremely thirsty generally relates to dehydration or other metabolic issues, and rapid weight gain may occur due to fluid retention in the body, but it is not a direct symptom like shortness of breath, which reflects the immediate impact of the heart's ineffective pumping on lung function.