Oregon Certified Nursing Assistant State Practice Exam

Which of the following is a normal change of aging affecting the respiratory system?

1. Decreased lung capacity

2. Increased mucus production

3. Enlarged heart size

4. Heightened respiratory rate

The correct answer is: Decreased lung capacity

Decreased lung capacity is indeed a normal change associated with aging that affects the respiratory system. As individuals age, several physiological changes occur, which include a gradual decline in lung elastic recoil and stiffness of the airway walls. This can lead to reduced lung capacity, making it more difficult for the lungs to fully expand and contract. Additionally, older adults may experience changes in the strength of respiratory muscles, contributing further to decreased lung capacity. While increased mucus production, an enlarged heart size, and heightened respiratory rate can occur in certain conditions or diseases, they are not universally considered normal changes of aging. Therefore, recognizing decreased lung capacity as a typical aspect of the aging process helps in understanding how older adults may require different considerations in respiratory health and care.