Oregon Certified Nursing Assistant State Practice Exam

Which of the following is a potential side effect of medications for congestive heart failure?

1. Increased energy levels

2. Frequent urination

3. Improved appetite

4. Weight loss

The correct answer is: Frequent urination

Frequent urination is indeed a potential side effect of medications used to treat congestive heart failure, particularly diuretics. Diuretics, commonly prescribed to reduce fluid retention in patients with congestive heart failure, work by helping the kidneys remove excess sodium and water from the body. This increased urine production is a natural response to the action of these medications, as they aim to alleviate symptoms associated with fluid overload, such as swelling and shortness of breath. In contrast, increased energy levels, improved appetite, and weight loss are typically not direct side effects of heart failure medications. While some treatments may eventually help improve symptoms related to energy and appetite as the patient's condition stabilizes, this is more of a long-term effect rather than a direct consequence of the medications. Therefore, frequent urination stands out as the specific side effect linked directly to the action of certain medications prescribed for managing congestive heart failure.