Oregon Certified Nursing Assistant State Practice Exam

Which statement about casts is accurate?

1. Keep the cast wet or damp

2. Place a wet cast on a hard surface

3. Elevate an extremity that is in a cast

4. Use a long angled scratcher for itching

The correct answer is: Elevate an extremity that is in a cast

The statement regarding elevating an extremity that is in a cast is accurate and reflects proper care practices for patients with casts. Elevation is essential because it helps to reduce swelling and promotes better circulation. Keeping the affected extremity elevated above the level of the heart can significantly decrease edema, which is the accumulation of fluid that can occur after an injury or surgery. This practice is critical in the initial stages after the cast is applied because swelling can pose a risk of increased pressure inside the cast, potentially leading to complications like a condition known as compartment syndrome. Using a wet cast is inappropriate because moisture can weaken the material and compromise the integrity of the cast. Placing a wet cast on a hard surface is also not advisable, as it can cause the cast to lose its shape or effectiveness. Furthermore, although some patients may experience itching under the cast, using a long angled scratcher can risk damaging the skin or the cast itself. Instead, patients are often advised to use methods to alleviate itching that do not involve inserting objects into the cast.